- Headline
-
CRUEL NAZI ORDERS CRUSH JEWS
- Sub-Headline
- SHUT SHOPS, FIX HUGE FINE FOR EMBASSY MURDER
- Publication Date
- Saturday, November 12, 1938
- Historical Event
-
Anti-Jewish Riots Convulse German Reich (Kristallnacht)
This database includes 5,092 articles about this event - Article Type
- Newspaper
- Page Section and Number
- 1
- Author/Byline
- Associated Press
- Article Text
- BERLIN—Jews were assessed today 1,000,000,000 marks—$400,000,000—as a penalty for the murder of Ernst von Rath, German diplomat in Paris, it was announced officially.
Field Marshal Hermann Wilhelm Goering, as director of Germany's four-year plan, issued a decree, effective next Jan. 1, prohibiting Jews from conducting retail businesses, mail order and commission houses and independent handicraft enterprises.
Goering's decree further banned Jews from heading any industrial or commercial concern by forbidding them to hold the position of "betriebsfuehrer," which every factor[sic] or similar undertaking must have under the national labor law.
At the same time, semi-official sources said that 1,600 Jews had been arrested in Berlin alone.
These sources said it was impossible to estimate how many other Jews had been seized in the rest of Germany since the killing of Von Rath, secretary of the German embassy in Paris, which incited nation-wide burnings of synagogues and destruction of Jewish stores Thursday.
Banned From Movies.
Another decree, issued by Propaganda Minister Paul Joseph Goebbels, ordered Jews excluded from theaters, movie houses, concerts and other public presentations.
These far-reaching measures toward isolating Jews from German national life were issued after a meeting of Goering, Goebbels, Interior Minister Dr. Wilhelm Frick, Justice Dr. Franz Guertner, Economics Minister Walther Funk and Finance Minister Lutz Schwerin-Krosigk.
Goebbels in his announcement said Germany previously had provided cultural outlets for the Jews.
Proprietors of theaters and concert halls will be fined if they allow Jews to enter, the announcement said.
Jews, after two days of violence and anti-Semitic terror, received an additional threat of a "showdown."
300 Families Deported.
In Salzburg, Nazi leader Friedrich Rainer declared 300 Jewish families had been deported to a concentration camp after having been ordered to report to police.
"As a result of demonstrations against Jews," Rainer announced, "we can report that Salzburg district now is completely freed from Jews."
How many Jewish women and children were in the 300 families was not disclosed.
The "show-down" warning was contained in the newspaper Fraenkische Tages-Zeitung, of Julius
(Continued on Page 5, Col. 8). - History Unfolded Contributor
- Carlos G.
- Location of Research
- Newspapers.com (https://www.newspapers.com)
Learn More about this Historical Event: Anti-Jewish Riots Convulse German Reich (Kristallnacht)
- The “Night of Broken Glass” (The Holocaust: A Learning Site for Students)
- Kristallnacht: A Nationwide Pogrom, November 9-10, 1938 (Encyclopedia Article)
- Kristallnacht: The November 1938 Pogroms (Special Focus)
- Kristallnacht: How Did Religious Leaders in the US Respond?
- Kristallnacht 1938: As Experienced Then and Understood Now (Paper by Prof. Gerhard Weinberg)
Bibliography
Gilbert, Martin. Kristallnacht: Prelude to Destruction. New York: HarperCollins, 2006.
Pehle, Walter H., ed. November 1938: From "Reichskristallnacht" to Genocide. New York: Berg, 1991.
Read, Anthony. Kristallnacht: The Nazi Night of Terror. New York: Times Books, 1989.
Schwab, Gerald. The Day the Holocaust Began: The Odyssey of Herschel Grynszpan. New York: Praeger, 1990.
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